Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis causes scaly, flaky, red patches in oily areas -- scalp, face, and chest. In infants it is known as cradle cap.
Symptoms
Greasy yellowish or white flakes on the scalp, eyebrows, and nasolabial folds. Underlying skin is pink to red with mild itch. Flares are common in winter and during stress.
Causes and risk
Malassezia yeast overgrowth on sebum-rich skin triggers inflammation. Immunosuppression, neurological conditions, and stress worsen it. More common in men aged 30 to 60.
How it is evaluated
Diagnosis is clinical. We rule out psoriasis, tinea capitis, and contact dermatitis when atypical. Biopsy is rarely required.
Treatment
Medicated shampoos with ketoconazole, selenium sulfide, or zinc pyrithione are first-line for the scalp. Topical antifungals and low-potency corticosteroids control facial flares. Our Chicago team recommends maintenance regimens.